What's up, sunshine? I'm Koi Wire. This
is CNN 10, your 10 minutes of news,
where I tell you the what, letting you
decide what to think. Special hello to
our friends way up in northern Alaska
today, or shall we say tonight. The city
of Utki entered its polar night season
yesterday, meaning the sun set there for
the last time until January 22nd. Around
the clock darkness, they'll still shine
bright. Rise up. We begin today's news
at the White House. US President Donald
Trump hosting Saudi Arabia's Crown
Prince Muhammad bin Salman yesterday.
The president has worked to build closer
ties with the prince who last visited
the US during Trump's first term in
2018. The visit was marked by a lavish
welcome ceremony, an Oval Office
bilateral meeting or discussion between
two parties, and a blacktie dinner. The
president's efforts to foster a better
relationship with the deacto leader of
the Saudi kingdom has brought mixed
reviews. Numerous organizations have
accused bin Salman's regime of human
rights abuses, including the 2018
killing of journalist Jamal Kosigible.
The regime has denied those claims.
Ahead of the visit, President Trump
announced the US will sell F-35 fighter
jets to the Saudis, a move experts say
could alter the balance of military
power in the region. President Trump
sees Saudi Arabia as a key ally in the
Middle East, and his office has worked
towards having them sign on to his
signature Abraham Accords with the goal
of normalizing their diplomatic ties
with Israel. In London, teens from
across the UK took part in the annual
British Youth Parliament, debating a
copious amount of topics. The annual
session was held in the House of
Commons, and the young politicians
argued things like housing, climate
change, and public transport.
>> Our presence here is more than just an
inspiration, but it is a hope, a vision,
a dream that no matter who you are, the
future is in your hands.
>> The program was started in 1999. It has
more than 300 members ages 11 to 18 who
are elected every two years to represent
views of their generation. Elections
often take place in schools across the
country. The initiative is funded by the
government's department of culture. It
aims to introduce younger generations to
the world of policym and parliamentary
process. Big changes coming to Roblox
and they affect anyone who wants to chat
with other players on the gaming
platform. Roblox says users will soon be
required to verify their age either by
uploading a government ID or letting an
AI tool scan their face. The new system
would use your devices camera and ask
you to move your face in different
directions so that AI can estimate your
age. It then sorts players into age
groups and limits your ability to chat
only with the people who are in or near
your age group. Roblox says the tech
usually accurately estimates your age
within a year or two and parents can
correct their child's age if needed.
Roblox has more than 150 million users
worldwide. About a third of them are
under the age of 13. The company calls
the move a major step toward keeping
kids safer and reducing unwanted or
inappropriate contact between players.
Pop quiz hot shot. What is the job of a
lexographer? Engineer cogs or gears.
Write poetry. Compile and edit
dictionaries or analyze handwriting.
If you said compile and edit
dictionaries, put your picture next to
correct. Lexographers use corpus
linguistics to decide which new words to
add to dictionaries. They examine words,
phrases, and grammar patterns in books,
articles, even social media to uncover
how people communicate.
>> Oh, Wolf, you're such a great listener.
>> That's a parasocial relationship.
>> Oh my god, he's right. Parasocial is
Cambridge Dictionary's word of the year
for 2025. If you've ever felt like
you've personally known a celebrity, an
influencer, or something like Chat GPT,
well, that's a parasocial relationship.
It's actually been around since the
1950s.
Another example of this is Travis Kelce
and Taylor Swift's engagement, where
millions of fans felt this deep emotion
for a couple that they've never even
met. And by the way, the dictionary also
added 6,000 new words, including tradu.
Welcome to the internet.
>> We are just about halfway through the
fall season, and many of us here in the
northern hemisphere might be noticing
mother nature is just showing off. Fall
foliage colors are popping with trees
starting to turn brilliant shades of
yellow, red, and orange. Have you ever
wondered why and how the leaves change
colors? Who better to ask than our CNN
meteorologist, our weather wizard,
Allison Chinchar. So great to see you.
Looking ftastic today with your display.
Speaking of display, how do these leaves
change color? Why do they change color?
And how do they know when to start,
right? Because sometimes they change a
little bit later in the year versus
others. So yeah, there's a lot of
factors here, Koi, but the biggest one
is daylight hours. As the days start to
get shorter and we have less and less
daylight as we head into winter, it's
essentially kind of a cue to them to
stop photosynthesizing. Now,
photosynthesis is basically using the
sunlight to give them food and energy.
But this process slows incredibly in the
winter months. So, the trees aren't
dying, they're just going dormant.
>> Why do some leaves turn red like this
one?
>> Right. So, not all trees have the
special gift that allows them to be this
beautiful color. Basically, what they
have inside of them is something called
anthocyanin. And it allows these trees
when they start to go through that
photosynthesis process in the winter
when they slow down, they're changing
into this beautiful red or sometimes
even that pretty purple color. All
because they have this special
ingredient. But you also have to have
the right weather conditions. You have
to make sure you've had enough water
leading up to the fall season and also
plenty of sunlight.
>> Now, why is it that some trees don't
change colors and nothing falls,
>> right? So these are what we refer to as
evergreen, hence the color trees.
Basically, these trees have evolved so
that they never stop going through the
photosynthesis process. Now, it slows
considerably in the winter, but it never
actually stops, meaning they don't have
to lose their leaves or change their
color.
>> In this warming climate environment that
we're living in and we're experiencing
nowadays, how might warming temperatures
around the world affect the changing
colors of the leaves?
>> Right? So, the most obvious answer to
that is the leaves will be falling off
much later into the season because we're
staying warmer longer. If trees could
actually pick their ideal conditions, it
would be for the temperatures to cool
down gradually, like you and I would
probably pick. But if temperatures drop
too quick, let's say 30 to 50° in just a
couple of days, trees can go through
what's called shock, which causes them
to just drop their leaves, even if they
never ended up fully changing colors.
>> So, why do trees decide to let their
leaves go? Is this like a preservation
thing that's something they have to do?
>> It's to really save a lot of the energy
that the tree would use up during the
winter. Many people don't know this, but
leaves take up the vast majority of the
water source that a tree takes in. So,
if it doesn't have its leaves anymore,
it can consolidate a lot of that energy
to get to a rough winter.
>> Thank you for helping us branch out
today and get to the root of uh this
very interesting topic.
Today's story getting a 10 out of 10 of
VIP. A very important porpus making a
splash in the canals of Venice, Italy. A
dolphin nicknamed Memo has people
flippering out as it swims among the
gondelers in the St. Marks Basin. He's
been drawing attention and adoration
since the summertime, creating loads of
doll fans along the way. The only other
time a dolphin has been seen in this
area was at the tail end of the CO 19
pandemic in 2021 when boat traffic was
low. According to officials, Memo
appears to be showing up on purpose.
He's fed and fawned upon and unfaced by
the noise of boats and crowds.
That's quite the phenomenon. Congrats to
our your word Wednesday winners, Mr.
Senra and friends at Daws Elementary
School in Evston, Illinois, who
submitted copious, an adjective meaning
abundant in supply or quantity. Thank
you for making us smarter today. Also,
thanks to all of you who have been
sending us copious amounts of swag. As
you can see, Miss Sabrina went with a
bit of a t-shirt theme today. And
speaking of t-shirts, we have a good one
for our shout out of the day. This one
goes to Mr. Williams, Coach Williams,
and our soccer state champions at
Bethany High School in Bethany,
Oklahoma. Salutations, congratulations,
and keep bucking, Broncos. Go make it an
awesome day. Make someone smile today.
Hey, I'm Koi Wire and we are CNN 10.
>> Oh my. Are you freaking kidding me?
>> I saw something there and I was like,
>> what? I don't even know what it is
you're wearing.
>> Really suit.
>> This is a good look for you. Yeah.